Compact Flash Memory
In-Vehicle Box PC features Intel® Atom(TM) Z530 processor.
Based on 1.6 GHz Intel® Atom(TM) Z530 processor and Intel® System Controller Hub US15W, with PCI/104 socket, MICROSPACE® MPCX28 is suitable for buses, cars, trucks, and heavy-duty vehicles. Fanless, passively cooled PC features 533 MHz FSB and supports up to 1 GB DDR2 RAM. Embedded graphics feature 256 MB of memory DirectX 9 3-D and HDTV support with MPEG2 and H.264 decoders. To accommodate ...
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NAND or NOR Flash Memory: Flash memory is a non-volatile data storing memory wafer that involves electrically erasing and reprogramming technology. Being non-volatile these chips are capable of storing data even in the absence of power and are renowned for fast reading and better kinetic shock resisting qualities. NAND devices are accessed serially, using the same eight pins to transmit control, addressing and data. NAND flash was introduced by Toshiba in 1989.

Although NAND and NOR memory chips function differently they are still widely being used in various electronic devices where data storing, erasing and reprogramming are essential. Both invented by DR. Fujio Masuoka in his work place Toshiba, the main goal was set to outdate the old storage devices that functions under magnetic energy like: hard disks and cassette tapes by reducing the cost per bit and increasing maximum chip capacity.

Hence, NAND flash is widely used in MP3 players, USB drives and digital cameras where higher storage capacity is crucial. But, some devices like pocket PC's can be found using both types of flash memory at the same time. These PC's typically use NAND for memory storage and NOR to boot the operating system.

Flawed Memory Drives and Data Recovery:

Data recovery is a highly specialized science which is equally valid for rescuing data from both NAND and NOR flash. Although, NOR is rarely used and is quite expensive, NAND is preferred extensively for mass storage and a huge godsend for thin and smaller devices.

The probability of data loss is elevated when bad memory storage is used: unbranded USB drives, unbranded NAND wafer devices, etc. These unbranded memory devices & chips are often noticed in spontaneous reboots leading to program failure. A malfunctioning RAM is often noticed to write correct data in an incorrect location of the drive which eventually creates a data malfunction and data loss. Furthermore, using flawed memory can also cause degradation of your hard drives logical capability and can finally destroy your device, the most extreme: an unbootable system or device.

Data recovery or NAND data recovery can minimize your loss and protect your machine from any incurable situation; we highly suggest avoiding the purchase of unbranded USB drives, SD cards, USB sticks, CompactFlash cards, and any other no-name devices for storing your crucial data. NAND recovery is possible but very complicated.

First Aid Before Data Recovery:

Data loss is a common problem that we often face due to virus attacks in our USB drives or when our computers get physically or logically over used. To fix these data degradation problems data recovery is only one solution that can rescue you and your data from the nightmare of any permanent loss. But, experts believe that data loss often becomes a complicated task when a user ignores the safety measures that help to avoid further data losses. Thus, in case of data loss some safety measures should be applied.

• When data loss is acknowledged, further procedures to retain the data should not be made. This may lead to much more serious data loss.
• It's better to contact experts for help and other remedy measures. 
• Using software like: scandisk should be completely avoided.
• Avoid no-name or unbranded devices.
• eBay sellers are not always honest eProvided ™ has learned many times where customers data is stored on fake NAND wafers, your purchase of a 16GB SD card may yield a soon to be damaged 1GB NAND wafer inside.

Data Recovery for Hard Drives & NAND Storage:

Data recovery processes embrace various techniques with latest technologies. At first, experts determine the fault on the device and classify them into Tier 1 and Tier 2. If your device falls into Tier 1 this means your device is suffering from a logically damaged component and data recovery costs are normally cheaper as compared to Tier 2. But, if your device has Tier 2 fault than your device is physically injured and may have many internal damaged circuits which need circuit and recovery experts; the process will normally be more costly.

After determining tier 1 or tier 2 an image of device is saved and these images are relocated to a separate server to avoid any accidental loss. Then the original copy of the image is transported to a lab where first degree data recovery is performed using various utilities which may include repairing faults in the device, dumping directly from NAND wafers, repairing circuits, crystals etc. Other various attempts are also made which includes testing and recovering from the logical damage on the device.

If the first degree recovery fails then the task is considered to be severe and second degree recovery is practiced which includes high level techniques and experts with professional knowledge over critical uses of software and hexadecimal formulas. These software utilities are used to re-build the drive and manipulate other drive errors.

In case of physical faults like: motor replacements, repairing heads or cleaning scratches different cleaning liquids and other spare parts are available according to the size and code. After every physical and logical recovery attempt the rescued data is copied to an additional storage device like: CD/DVD's, flash drives, and hard drives.

Author: Kiran Bista

Edited by Bruce Cullen
Resources: Flash Drive and Data Recovery. Memory Stick Recovery.

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Compact Flash Card
Server System addresses SOHO and SMB needs.
Measuring 5.3 x 4.7 x 10.2 in., VIA M'SERV S2100 provides up to 4 TB of storage. Unit is powered by 1.3+ GHz 64-bit VIA Nano processor and supports 2 slots of DDR2 SO-DIMM 667/533 MHz memory. Two SATA bays with integrated power ports are mounted within case, and type I Compact Flash socket can be used as bootable SSD for embedded OS/AP. Unit is suitable for backup, cloud-intermediary service ...
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 Well, you're in the market for a netbook or even a notebook, and you're struggling because of all the options that you need to consider to get a well-connected model.

This article will go through the standard features and explain what they are and why they are useful or not in terms of their connectivity. Many models contain all of these features, but not every model will contain exactly the same specification so check carefully before you plonk down your hard earned cash.

1. Ethernet Connections

This is probably the most universal connector that you will need or have, and an RJ45 connector will plugin to the socket. It is identified on left-side of most netbooks as a slightly larger than a phone socket type slot. It is usually placed right next to the telephone jack.

Not all notebooks include one of these because of the socket size. The most important point is that many hotels, offices and businesses still provide only cable-based Internet access through their network to the Internet. So, if you don't have one of these connectors, you may find yourself out of luck. I'm usually glad to use a cable, because I've found wired networks faster and more secure than wireless networks. On Asus, this is usually referred to as 10/100 Fast Ethernet.

2. Telephone Still Rocks

If you're stuck in some parts of the world (developed AND developing) you may find that you still need to dial in via 56K modem and telephone line to connect to the Internet. So you will also need a standard telephone jack to connect a telephone line, too. Of course, this also makes faxing (if you have the software) straightforward. If you don't have a telephone socket, you can still use SkypeFax for making faxes, though perhaps it's less convenient.

3. Wireless Networks

All netbooks include Wireless connectivity as a standard feature. This makes accessing the Internet or LANs quick and simple. Many of the older netbooks feature dual modes (b/g), but newer models, such as the 1000 series, feature tri-mode connectivity Wi-Fi (802.11b/g/n). This n-mode will provide faster access to the network, as well as a more stable experience. So look for a model that supports that network if possible. Not all Asus Eee PC 1000 series do support n-mode.

4. Bluetooth Devices

These devices are really for mobile phones, etc. My netbook doesn't support this out of the box, and it is relatively simple to add the function by buying a Bluetooth bud and plugging it into your setup. But why bother when you can just buy the machine already setup. Bluetooth allows you to connect to your mobile devices (phones, earphones, etc.) without an annoying cable, though you will find that Bluetooth access speeds are slow compared to mobile broadband standards. This seems to be a limitation for Bluetooth 2.1. However, it is still useful for uploading/downloading pictures and music and data from your handset.

5. USB slots

Most new ASUS Eee netbooks provide for ample USB slots. I really recommend three USB slots for a number of reasons: 1 slot is for your mobile phone tethered Internet access (always useful), one is for your full-size keyboard/mouse/other, and one is for your data device. It's pretty easy to use up three slots at one sitting with the devices we now use: MP3s, cameras, card readers, CD/DVD burners, USB keys... why be short?

6. Video Adapter

This is still a very useful adapter socket on many models, because you can connect to an external monitor or projector. You will find the video out useful if you are giving a presentation or have tired eyes or just need a bigger monitor for a delicate task. While VGA connectors are still available, you may find that you need to also stick a converter-jack for the new style monitor jacks that are increasingly common. Otherwise you may not be able to use the monitor. Luckily these are really small.

7. Secure Digital Memory Card Slot

This device is always useful for reading your photographs or other digital media. The ASUS Eee PCs usually provide one MMC/SD(SDHC) card slot for you to stick your cards into. Of course, if you are using a mini-card or large compact flashcard, you will need to use a separate device to connect via USB.

These seven connectivity points are, I think, essential in today's ASUS Eee PC netbooks models. It would be nice to mobile broadband as an on-board feature, but that hasn't happened yet on any netbook. Given the rapid deployment of broadband wireless networks, I expect we'll see this soon on top-end netboooks, too.

So which connectivity features are you looking at on the Asus Eee PC series? If you're not sure... you can visit Find your Asus Eee PC to help you find the right models, the latest models, and great deals on whatever model you want to buy.

James Dickson has been following the Eee PC since it first came out, and is an eager enthusiast. Do drop buy and let us know what you think of your purchase or whatever is on your mind at http://eeeblogger.com

Many thanks for reading our Compact Flash Card article